Closed loop active antifreeze systems are the most versatile and failsafe of all the solar supplemental water heating systems.
Closed loop solar water heating system.
Propylene glycol and the new bio green are common antifreeze materials we have several options for exchanging the heat to the clean domestic hot water.
The down side is two heat sources.
The heated water then flows into the storage tank before it s channeled into the heat exchanger.
Closed loop solar heating system.
Glycol or some equivalent antifreeze fluid fills.
Closed loop solar water heater systems sometimes referred to as anti freeze or glycol systems include the heat collectors insulated piping a circulating pump an expansion tank a hot water storage tank a heat exchanger solar fluid usually a solution of water and nontoxic propylene glycol antifreeze a controller valves and gauges.
An open water heater system is when water that increased its volume and pressure due to the heating freely goes from the storage tank into the cold water supply line and eventually into the municipal water system if the pressure is high enough.
Heat exchangers in the storage tank eliminate a pump but make eventual tank replacement more.
The drainback system components cost about 15 20 more than an active open direct loop solar water heating system for residential water heating.
Closed loop solar water heaters have few limitations with collector placement the collector loop is antifreeze filled and are permanently charged.
All water heaters waste heat energy even when the burner is off and the unit is sitting idle between heating cycles.
The direct open loop solar water system freeze recirculation is both the simplest and most efficient type of solar heating system.
A special water heater tank incorporating a heat exchanger works in conjunction with one or more flat plate roof mounted collectors.
When the controller senses that the sun is shining and your tank needs a warm up it signals the pump to send water through the black collector panels.
Active open loop solar water heating system.
Instead of relying on glycol for freeze protection this system allows all the water in the array to drain back from the array and into a storage vessel in the solar loop when the pump is turned off.
Here s how a solar powered water heater works.
Closed systems are often used in second homes or primary residences in areas prone to long power outages.
Indirect solar water drainback systems are also a indirect design that use a heat exchanger to separate the collector loop from the potable water.
In this system potable water is drawn directly from the storage tank and circulated through the array to be heated and returned to a recirculation port in the tank.
Very good articles on selecting the components for a closed loop solar hot water heating system suitable for cold climates.
Lots on installation detail.
To protect the unit you must consider an open or closed water heater system.
Most new solar homes feature a variation of one kind or another.
Covers closed loop antifreeze systems and drainback systems.
